which distracted from the fact that she was an actual GRU spy. McCarthy said she was a Communist Party member. and not even for what McCarthy accused her of. In fact, the Venona intercepts only mention one of McCarthy's accusees, Mary Jane Keeney, note The rest of the intercepts concern Alger Hiss and the atomic spies, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg. Displayed by apologists for Joseph McCarthy such as Ann Coulter, who claim that the Venona intercepts declassified in 1995 show that McCarthy was quite right.Which is pretty much the same thing as the concept of falsifiability.ДЇrequently overlaps with Insane Troll Logic. Basically, if any possible outcome could be interpreted as supporting the theory then it is useless. Karl Popper summed up this fallacy as applied to science with 'A theory that explains everything, explains nothing'. This is a common fallacy in claims of messages in fiction: the writer will find a pattern to the text, then declare this pattern was obviously the author's intention, without any proof this is actually the case. When the thing is found, the convoluted method is said to obviously be the intended method of parsing the data. Obviously, hitting a bullseye is significant if you decided where the bullseye was before you fired, but not so much if you claim you knew where it was after the fact.ДЄll such ' I Meant to Do That' justifications are examples of this fallacy, but it also applies to cases where a set of data is analysed with no real methodology, simply in an attempt to find something by any means. The prototypical example is of a person shooting a gun at a wall, then painting a target around the bullet-hole, and claiming to have scored a bullseye because that is clearly where he was trying to hit. A way of fiddling statistics or other forms of data analysis, this occurs where data is gathered first and then an after-the-fact hypothesis is produced to explain the conclusion drawn from it: in other words, the same data is used to generate both the hypothesis and the conclusion.

Texas sharpshooter fallacy examples